CSS Tutorial

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CSS Advanced

CSS Responsive

CSS Grid

CSS Grid Layout Module

HTML

				
					<h1>Grid Layout</h1>
<p>This grid layout contains six columns and three rows:</p>
<div class="grid-container">
  <div class="item1">Header</div>
  <div class="item2">Menu</div>
  <div class="item3">Main</div>  
  <div class="item4">Right</div>
  <div class="item5">Footer</div>
</div>

CSS

				
					.item1 { grid-area: header; }
.item2 { grid-area: menu; }
.item3 { grid-area: main; }
.item4 { grid-area: right; }
.item5 { grid-area: footer; }

.grid-container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-areas:
    'header header header header header header'
    'menu main main main right right'
    'menu footer footer footer footer footer';
  gap: 10px;
  background-color: #2196F3;
  padding: 10px;
}

.grid-container > div {
  background-color: grey;
  color:white;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 20px 0;
  font-size: 30px;
}

Output

Grid Layout

This grid layout contains six columns and three rows:

Header

Main

Right

Footer

Grid Elements

A grid layout has a parent element, with one or more child elements.

HTML

				
					<h1>Grid Elements</h1>

<p>A Grid Layout must have a parent element with the <em>display</em> property set to <em>grid</em> or <em>inline-grid</em>.</p>

<p>Direct child element(s) of the grid container automatically becomes grid items.</p>

<div class="grid-container">
  <div class="grid-item">1</div>
  <div class="grid-item">2</div>
  <div class="grid-item">3</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">4</div>
  <div class="grid-item">5</div>
  <div class="grid-item">6</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">7</div>
  <div class="grid-item">8</div>
  <div class="grid-item">9</div>  
</div>

CSS

				
					.flex-container {
  display: flex;
  align-items: stretch;
  background-color: #f1f1f1;
}

.flex-container>div {
  background-color: grey;
  color:#fff;
  border: 1px solid #fff;
  padding: 20px;
  font-size: 30px;
  text-align: center;
  width: 100px;
  margin: 10px;
}

Output

Grid Elements

A Grid Layout must have a parent element with the display property set to grid or inline-grid.

Direct child element(s) of the grid container automatically becomes grid items.

Display Property

An HTML element changes to a grid container when its display property is set to grid or inline-grid.

HTML

				
					<h1>display: grid</h1>

<p>Use display: grid; to make a block-level grid container:</p>

<div class="grid-container">
  <div class="grid-item">1</div>
  <div class="grid-item">2</div>
  <div class="grid-item">3</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">4</div>
  <div class="grid-item">5</div>
  <div class="grid-item">6</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">7</div>
  <div class="grid-item">8</div>
  <div class="grid-item">9</div>  
</div>

CSS

				
					.grid-container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
  background-color: #2196F3;
  padding: 10px;
}

.grid-item {
  background-color: grey;
  border: 1px solid #fff;
  color:#fff;
  padding: 20px;
  font-size: 30px;
  text-align: center;
}

Output

display: grid

Use display: grid; to make a block-level grid container:

Another Example

HTML

				
					<h1>display: inline-grid</h1>

<p>Use display: inline-grid; to make an inline grid container:</p>

<div class="grid-container">
  <div class="grid-item">1</div>
  <div class="grid-item">2</div>
  <div class="grid-item">3</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">4</div>
  <div class="grid-item">5</div>
  <div class="grid-item">6</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">7</div>
  <div class="grid-item">8</div>
  <div class="grid-item">9</div>  
</div>

CSS

				
					.grid-container {
  display: inline-grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
  background-color: #2196F3;
  padding: 10px;
}

.grid-item {
  background-color: grey;
  border: 1px solid #fff;
  color:#fff;
  padding: 20px;
  font-size: 30px;
  text-align: center;
}

Output

display: inline-grid

Use display: inline-grid; to make an inline grid container:

All direct children of the grid container automatically become grid items.

The gap size can be adjusted by using one of the following properties:

column-gap.
row-gap.
gap

The column-gap property is used to set the gap between the columns:

HTML

				
					<h1>The column-gap Property</h1>
<p>Use the <em>column-gap</em> property to adjust the space between the columns:</p>
<div class="grid-container">
  <div class="grid-item">1</div>
  <div class="grid-item">2</div>
  <div class="grid-item">3</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">4</div>
  <div class="grid-item">5</div>
  <div class="grid-item">6</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">7</div>
  <div class="grid-item">8</div>
  <div class="grid-item">9</div>  
</div>

CSS

				
					.grid-container {
  display: grid;
  column-gap: 50px;
  grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
  background-color: #2196F3;
  padding: 10px;
}

.grid-item {
  background-color: grey;
  border: 1px solid #fff;
  color:#fff;
  padding: 20px;
  font-size: 30px;
  text-align: center;
}

Output

The column-gap Property

Use the column-gap property to adjust the space between the columns:

The row-gap property is used to set the gap between the rows

HTML

				
					<h1>The row-gap Property</h1>

<p>Use the <em>row-gap</em> property to adjust the space between the rows:</p>

<div class="grid-container">
  <div class="grid-item">1</div>
  <div class="grid-item">2</div>
  <div class="grid-item">3</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">4</div>
  <div class="grid-item">5</div>
  <div class="grid-item">6</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">7</div>
  <div class="grid-item">8</div>
  <div class="grid-item">9</div>  
</div>

CSS

				
					.grid-container {
  display: grid;
  row-gap: 50px;
  grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
  background-color: #2196F3;
  padding: 10px;
}

.grid-item {
  background-color: grey;
  border: 1px solid #fff;
  color:#fff;
  padding: 20px;
  font-size: 30px;
  text-align: center;
}

Output

The row-gap Property

Use the row-gap property to adjust the space between the rows:

The gap property is a shorthand property applied for the row-gap and the column-gap properties:

HTML

				
					<h1>The gap Property</h1>
<p>Use the <em>gap</em> shorthand property to adjust the space between the columns and rows.</p>
<div class="grid-container">
  <div class="grid-item">1</div>
  <div class="grid-item">2</div>
  <div class="grid-item">3</div> 
  <div class="grid-item">4</div>
  <div class="grid-item">5</div>
  <div class="grid-item">6</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">7</div>
  <div class="grid-item">8</div>
  <div class="grid-item">9</div>  
</div>

CSS

				
					.grid-container {
  display: grid;
  gap: 50px 100px;
  grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
  background-color: #2196F3;
  padding: 10px;
}

.grid-item {
  background-color: grey;
  border: #fff;
  color:#fff;
  padding: 20px;
  font-size: 30px;
  text-align: center;
}

Output

The gap Property

Use the gap shorthand property to adjust the space between the columns and rows.

The gap property sets both the row gap and the column gap in one value:

HTML

				
					<h1>The gap Property:</h1>

<p>Use the <em>gap</em> shorthand property to adjust the space between the columns and rows:</p>

<div class="grid-container">
  <div class="grid-item">1</div>
  <div class="grid-item">2</div>
  <div class="grid-item">3</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">4</div>
  <div class="grid-item">5</div>
  <div class="grid-item">6</div>  
  <div class="grid-item">7</div>
  <div class="grid-item">8</div>
  <div class="grid-item">9</div>  
</div>

CSS

				
					.grid-container {
  display: grid;
  gap: 50px;
  grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
  background-color: #2196F3;
  padding: 10px;
}

.grid-item {
  background-color: grey;
  border: 1px solid #fff;
  color:#fff;
  padding: 20px;
  font-size: 30px;
  text-align: center;
}

Output

The gap Property:

Use the gap shorthand property to adjust the space between the columns and rows:

Grid Lines

The lines between columns are called column lines.

The lines between rows are called row lines.

Insert a grid item at column line 1, and let it end on column line 3:

HTML

				
					<h1>Grid Lines</h1>

<div class="grid-container">
  <div class="item1">1</div>
  <div class="item2">2</div>
  <div class="item3">3</div>  
  <div class="item4">4</div>
  <div class="item5">5</div>
  <div class="item6">6</div>
  <div class="item7">7</div>
  <div class="item8">8</div>  
</div>
<p>You can refer to line numbers when placing grid items.</p>

CSS

				
					.grid-container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
  gap: 10px;
  background-color: #2196F3;
  padding: 10px;
}

.grid-container > div {
  background-color: grey;
  color:#fff;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 20px 0;
  font-size: 30px;
}

.item1 {
  grid-column-start: 1;
  grid-column-end: 3;
}

Output

Grid Lines

You can refer to line numbers when placing grid items.

Insert a grid item at row line 1, and let it end on row line 3:

CSS

				
					.grid-container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
  gap: 10px;
  background-color: #2196F3;
  padding: 10px;
}

.grid-container > div {
  background-color: grey;
  color:#fff;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 20px 0;
  font-size: 30px;
}

.item1 {
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-row-end: 3;
}

Output

Grid Lines

You can refer to line numbers when placing grid items.