CSS HSL

CSS Tutorial


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CSS Advanced


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CSS Responsive

CSS Grid

CSS HSL

HSL full form is hue, saturation, and lightness.

HSL Value

In CSS, a color can be defined by using hue, saturation, and lightness (HSL) in the form:

hsl(hue, saturation, lightness)

Hue is referred to the intensity on the color wheel from 0 to 360. 0 is red, 120 is green, and 240 is blue.

Saturation is defined as a percentage value, 0% means a shade of gray, and 100% is the full color.

Lightness is defined as a percentage, 0% is black, 50% is neither light nor dark, 100% is white

Experiment by mixing the HSL values below:

				
					<p>Specify colors using HSL values</p>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 50%);">hsl(0, 100%, 50%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(240, 100%, 50%);">hsl(240, 100%, 50%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(147, 50%, 47%);">hsl(147, 50%, 47%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(300, 76%, 72%);">hsl(300, 76%, 72%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(39, 100%, 50%);">hsl(39, 100%, 50%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(248, 53%, 58%);">hsl(248, 53%, 58%)</h2>

				
			

Output

Specify colors using HSL values

hsl(0, 100%, 50%)

hsl(240, 100%, 50%)

hsl(147, 50%, 47%)

hsl(300, 76%, 72%)

hsl(39, 100%, 50%)

hsl(248, 53%, 58%)

Saturation

Saturation can be described as the intensity of a color.

100% is pure color, no shades of gray

50% is 50% gray, but you can still see the color.

0% is completely gray, you can no longer see the color.

Example

				
					<p>HSL Saturation</p>
<p>The second parameter of hsl() defines the saturation. Less saturation mean less color. 0% is completely gray:</p>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 50%);">hsl(0, 100%, 50%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 80%, 50%);">hsl(0, 80%, 50%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 60%, 50%);">hsl(0, 60%, 50%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 40%, 50%);">hsl(0, 40%, 50%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 20%, 50%);">hsl(0, 20%, 50%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 0%, 50%);">hsl(0, 0%, 50%)</h2>

				
			

Output

HSL Saturation

The second parameter of hsl() defines the saturation. Less saturation mean less color. 0% is completely gray:

hsl(0, 100%, 50%)

hsl(0, 80%, 50%)

hsl(0, 60%, 50%)

hsl(0, 40%, 50%)

hsl(0, 20%, 50%)

hsl(0, 0%, 50%)

Lightness

The lightness of a color can be defined as how much light is needed to give the color, where 0% means no light (black), 50% means 50% light (neither dark nor light) 100% means full lightness (white).

				
					<p>HSL Lightness</p>
<p>The third parameter of hsl() defines the lightness. 0% means black, and 100% means white:</p>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 0%);">hsl(0, 100%, 0%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 25%);">hsl(0, 100%, 25%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 50%);">hsl(0, 100%, 50%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 75%);">hsl(0, 100%, 75%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 90%);">hsl(0, 100%, 90%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 100%);">hsl(0, 100%, 100%)</h2>

				
			

Output

HSL Lightness

The third parameter of hsl() defines the lightness. 0% means black, and 100% means white:

hsl(0, 100%, 0%)

hsl(0, 100%, 25%)

hsl(0, 100%, 50%)

hsl(0, 100%, 75%)

hsl(0, 100%, 90%)

hsl(0, 100%, 100%)

Shades of Gray

Shades of gray are often specified by setting the hue and saturation to 0, and adjust the lightness from 0% to 100% to get darker/lighter shades:

				
					<p>Shades of gray</p>
<p>With HSL, shades of gray are made by setting the saturation to 0%, and adjusting the lightness from 0% to 100%:</p>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 0%, 0%);">hsl(0, 0%, 0%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 0%, 24%);">hsl(0, 0%, 24%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 0%, 47%);">hsl(0, 0%, 47%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 0%, 71%);">hsl(0, 0%, 71%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 0%, 94%);">hsl(0, 0%, 94%)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsl(0, 0%, 100%);">hsl(0, 0%, 100%)</h2>

				
			

Output

Shades of gray

With HSL, shades of gray are made by setting the saturation to 0%, and adjusting the lightness from 0% to 100%:

hsl(0, 0%, 0%)

hsl(0, 0%, 24%)

hsl(0, 0%, 47%)

hsl(0, 0%, 71%)

hsl(0, 0%, 94%)

hsl(0, 0%, 100%)

HSLA Value

HSLA color values are defined as an extension of HSL color values with an alpha channel – that denotes the opacity for a color.

An HSLA color value is specified with:

hsla(hue, saturation, lightness, alpha)

The alpha parameter is a number between 0.0 (fully transparent) and 1.0 (not transparent at all)

				
					<p>Make transparent colors with HSLA</p>
<h2 style="background-color:hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0);">hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.2);">hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.2)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.4);">hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.4)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.6);">hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.6)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.8);">hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.8)</h2>
<h2 style="background-color:hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 1);">hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 1)</h2>

				
			

Output

Make transparent colors with HSLA

hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0)

hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.2)

hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.4)

hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.6)

hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.8)

hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 1)